Processor: fetch-decode-execute cycle, processor structure, different architectures. Processor components: Combinational circuits and sequential circuits; Computer memory: classification, hierarchy, memory technologies, memory organization; Instruction set and addressing: instructon formats, instruction set, addressing modes, virtual memory; Microcomputer hardware: architecture, buses, data transfer, microprocessor supporting components, computer performance increasing; Input/output devices: keyboard, printers, monitors, touch screens, mouse, AD and DA converters. Special hardware: realization, application area; Computers and reliability: failures of system, hardware testing, error-detecting codes.